抗体偶联药物在妇科肿瘤中的研究进展

Research progress of antibody-drug conjugates in gynecological tumors

摘要:

以宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌和卵巢癌为主的妇科肿瘤严重影响女性健康，预防和治疗妇科肿瘤是妇女医疗保健中的重要任务。随着免疫治疗和多腺苷二磷酸核糖聚合酶（PARP）抑制剂的应用，妇科肿瘤在治疗上取得了重大进展，但对于晚期和复发/转移性患者，其预后仍不乐观。目前，多线治疗后复发患者的治疗方式仍然有限，需要探索新的治疗方案，改善其预后。抗体偶联药物（ADC）兼具传统化疗药物的高活性和靶向药物的高选择性，既对肿瘤细胞具有较强的杀伤作用，又可以避免严重的全身毒性。基于合适的靶点选择，ADC可以提升治疗的有效性，逐渐成为近年来的研究热点。目前，ADC在妇科肿瘤中的应用虽取得了一些成果，但仍面临诸多挑战。双特异性ADC及ADC联合其他药物可能是未来治疗的新方向。本文对ADC在妇科肿瘤领域的应用进展进行了系统的综述。

Abstract:

Gynecological tumors, mainly cervical cancer, endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer, seriously affect women's health. Prevention and treatment of gynecological tumors are important tasks in women's medical care. With the use of immunotherapy and poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, significant progress has been made in the treatment of gynecological tumors, but the prognosis for patients with advanced, recurrent or metastatic gynecological tumors remains poor. At present, the treatment options for patients with relapse after multiline therapy are still limited, so it is still necessary to explore new treatment to improve the prognosis of these patients. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have both the high activity of traditional chemotherapy drugs and the high selectivity of targeted drugs. They not only have a strong killing effect on tumor cells, but also can avoid serious systemic toxicity, and thus higher effectiveness of therapy can be achieved based on appropriate target selection. Therefore, they have gradually become a research hotspot in recent years. At present, ADCs have made some achievements in the research and application of gynecological tumor treatment, but there are still many challenges to be faced. Bispecific ADCs as well as combination therapy with ADCs and other medicine may be new directions for development. This article will systematically review the progress of ADCs in gynecological oncology.